Covalent
  • Sharting of the outer electrons between atoms.
  • This bonds are presents in: Crystals with low thermal and electrical conductivity.
  • And Solids formed by this bonds have:
    • Low thermal and electrical conductivity.
    • High mechanical strenght.
    • But are brittle.

Ionic
  • Like covaelnt bond, we have the shearing of an electron, however this time the electron is given by one atom to the other.
  • One class of ionic solids which is very important for sensor is the metal oxides.
  • Solids formed by this bonds have:
    • Low thermal and electrical conductivity.
    • Large mechanical strenght. (lower than covaelnt solids).
    • But are brittle.

Metallic
  • All the outer electrons of the atoms in the solid are sheared.
  • Solids formed by this bonds have:
    • High thermal and electrical conductivity.
    • Good mechanical properties and strength.
    • And are ductile materials.

Van-Der-Walls
  • Weak bonds.