Knowing that the objective function of the basis/non-basis formulation of an LP is:
we can define a reduced cost:
Which is the part of the objective function that changes when increasing . Then we can say that if the reduced cost is than there exist a descent direction of such that we can find a better solution. Because, multiplying the reduced cost, which we have said is , with , which is (because of the constraint), then the objective function will decrease, so we have found a better solution.